Bill of materials
Описание
Production BOM предназначен для repeatable kit, который Gratheon может продавать, поддерживать, калибровать и обслуживать. Он должен опираться на evidence из field MVP, а не на догадки upfront. Цель - supply-chain resilience, waterproof serviceability, consistent scale mechanics и device health telemetry.
Покрываемая функциональность
- Calibrated load-cell frame или repeatable calibration workflow.
- Secure device identity и web-app pairing.
- Battery, solar and device-health telemetry.
- Waterproof connectors и strain relief для maintenance.
- Optional gateway connectivity для пасек без WiFi.
- Optional research sensor variants после того, как base scale станет reliable.
Bill of materials
| Tier | Component | Example part | Qty | Rough cost | Purchase links | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Required | MCU module or carrier | ESP32-WROOM module, ESP32-C3 module, or pre-certified dev module | 1 | €3-12 | ESP32 module at DigiKey, ESP32 modules at Mouser, Existing ESP32 notes | Используйте pre-certified modules, чтобы снизить compliance risk. |
| Required | Custom PCB or carrier board | ESP32 carrier with HX711, power, connectors, and debug header | 1 | €5-25 | JLCPCB, PCBWay, LCSC components | Production должен убрать fragile jumper wiring. |
| Required | Scale frame | Aluminium or stainless calibrated hive-scale frame | 1 | €40-120 | Existing aluminium profile, local metal workshop, Alibaba platform-scale examples | Mechanical repeatability важнее самой дешёвой electronics. |
| Required | Load cell | 100-200 kg single-point or industrial platform-scale cell | 1 | €15-60 | Amazon 200 kg load-cell search, AliExpress 200 kg single-point load-cell search, Alibaba supplier examples | Выбирать после тестирования frame geometry. |
| Required | Weight ADC | HX711 or production-grade 24-bit ADC | 1 | €1-10 | SparkFun HX711 breakout, Adafruit HX711 breakout, LCSC HX711 sourcing | HX711 acceptable, если field drift/noise приемлемы. |
| Required | Temperature probe | Waterproof DS18B20 with service connector | 1 | €3-12 | Adafruit waterproof DS18B20, Existing DS18B20 notes, industrial M8/M12 probe suppliers | Добавить connector и strain relief для replacement. |
| Required | Humidity/ambient sensor | SHT31/BME280 in vented protected housing or replaceable pod | 1 | €5-20 | Adafruit SHT31-D breakout, Adafruit BME280 breakout, distributor SHT31 modules | Нужен enclosure design, который предотвращает condensation pooling. |
| Required | Power system | Protected battery pack, charger, fuse/protection, power switch | 1 | €15-45 | Adafruit solar LiPo charger, Adafruit PowerBoost 1000, local battery-pack supplier | Production должен документировать safe charging and replacement. |
| Required | Battery telemetry | MAX17048/LC709203 fuel gauge and optional solar voltage sensing | 1 | €3-12 | Adafruit MAX17048 fuel gauge, Adafruit LC709203F fuel gauge, Adafruit INA219 | Enables support workflows and proactive alerts. |
| Required | Enclosure | UV-resistant IP65/IP67 enclosure | 1 | €10-35 | Hammond enclosure search at Mouser, Amazon IP67 enclosure search, local electrical supplier | Для production лучше consistent branded enclosures. |
| Required | Waterproof connectors | M8/M12, sealed circular connectors, or rated cable glands | as needed | €8-35 | M8 connector search at Mouser, Amazon M8 waterproof connector search, local electrical supplier | Делает probes, load cells и solar panels replaceable. |
| Required | Strain relief and cable labels | Internal cable clamps, glands, ferrules, labels | 1 set | €3-12 | Local electrical supplier, Amazon ferrule kit search | Prevents cable pull from reaching PCB or solder joints. |
| Recommended | Solar panel | 5-6 V or 12 V panel sized from field energy data | 1 | €10-40 | Adafruit 6 V solar panel, Amazon 6 V solar panel search, local solar supplier | Подбирать после измерения sleep current и radio duty cycle. |
| Recommended | Gateway option | ESP32 LoRa, Raspberry Pi, or cellular gateway | 1 per apiary | €20-120 | LilyGO LoRa32 examples, Raspberry Pi, Adafruit FONA/SIM module category | Предпочитать one gateway per apiary вместо cellular в каждом улье. |
| Recommended | Factory test fixture | Known weights, frame jig, pogo-pin flasher, seal inspection checklist | 1 set | varies | Local workshop, electronics lab suppliers | Нужно для repeatable production QA. |
| Optional | Tamper/vibration | IMU, tilt switch, or vibration module | 1 | €2-15 | Adafruit LIS3DH accelerometer, Existing tamper/vibration note, AliExpress vibration sensor search | Добавлять только после стабильных weight and battery alerts. |
| Optional research | Acoustic module | MEMS microphone or analog microphone module | 1 | €3-15 | Adafruit I2S MEMS microphone, Existing microphone note, SparkFun microphone boards | Требует placement и ML validation до product promise. |
| Optional research | CO2/VOC/air-quality | ENS160, SCD40/SCD41, or other environmental module | 1 | €10-60 | Adafruit SCD-40 CO2 sensor, Existing air-quality notes, Existing ENS160 todo | High power и condensation risk, оставить как research variant. |
Connectorized subsystem BOM
| Subassembly | Included parts | Buy/build note |
|---|---|---|
| Load-cell harness | Shielded 4-wire or 6-wire cable, M12 connector or sealed gland, internal terminal | Keep analog cable short. Add shield/drain only if grounding plan is defined. |
| Temperature probe harness | Waterproof DS18B20, 3-pin connector, strain relief | Standardize pinout: 1 = 3.3 V, 2 = data, 3 = GND. |
| Ambient pod | SHT31/BME280 board, vented cap, short I2C cable, gasket | Treat as replaceable consumable if field drift appears. |
| Power harness | Battery connector, fuse/protection, switch, solar connector | Use keyed connectors to prevent reversed polarity. |
| Service harness | Internal UART/JTAG header or pogo pads | Avoid external USB openings on production enclosure. |
| Gateway kit | LoRa/ESP-NOW node firmware, apiary gateway enclosure, gateway power | Keep gateway as a separate SKU or add-on. |
Supplier examples to compare
Это prototype/vendor research links, а не final approved suppliers:
- Alibaba industrial load-cell scale example
- Alibaba stainless waterproof scale example
- Pilot Scale bench-scale series
- Alibaba RS485 weighing scale example
- Alibaba X-type stainless scale example
Selection rules before ordering production parts
- Каждая critical part должна иметь минимум двух acceptable suppliers или approved substitute.
- Connector pinouts должны быть documented до заказа harnesses.
- Enclosure, connector and cable diameter нужно проверять вместе, а не по отдельности.
- Load-cell capacity должен учитывать hive weight, honey peak, beekeeper handling and overload margin.
- Battery chemistry и charger должны быть documented для safe shipping and service.
- Frame and electronics revision должны записываться в telemetry metadata.
Критерии выхода
- Две или более identical units дают сопоставимые weight trends после calibration.
- Device можно привязать к Gratheon hive без ручных database edits.
- Support видит battery, RSSI, firmware version, last seen и reset reason.
- Enclosure and connectors выдерживают realistic rain, UV и service handling.
- Supply chain имеет минимум два acceptable sources для каждого critical component.